Catherine MAIA
Il est difficile de nier, en droit, que les Sahraouis (peuple du Sahara Occidental occupé par le Maroc, ndds) constituent un peuple qui possède le droit à l’autodétermination. Le droit dérivé des Nations Unies ainsi que l’avis de la Cour internationale de justice sont extrêmement clairs sur ce point. Outre ce droit fondamental, les juristes reconnaissent aux Sahraouis (en tant que personnes, peuple ou État) de nombreux autres droits dont ils soulignent régulièrement l’importance: droits de la personne, droit pénal international, droit sur les ressources naturelles, etc.
It is hard to deny : Sahrawis have the right to self determination. The decisions of the United Nations along with the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice made that clear more than 30 years ago. Besides that, the Sahrawis are granted as having numerous other rights deriving from human right law, international criminal law, natural resources law…
The wide range of Sahrawis rights contrasts however with the paucity of their implementation in courtrooms around the world. So much so that one wonders if the domestic and international judicial systems themselves should be held responsible, in that they do not provide the appropriate means to ensure the implementation of the rights that their respective legal systems claimto offer. The symposium organized at the Université Libre de Bruxelles aimed to put this hypothesis to the test by providing a broad overview of the different courts which, around the world, may contribute to the implementation of the rights of the Sahrawis. The approach was of a pragmatic kind. The aim was to isolate the solutions that the judicial world can offer to a conflict that drags on. At amore general and theoretical level, thismeeting tried to offer a reflection on the political role that law can play for peoples living under foreign domination. This volume brings together the proceedings of this symposium. They have also been published in the Revue belge de droit international, vol. 2010/1.
Ont contribué à ce volume / Contributing to this volume : Eric GOLDSTEIN (Human Rights Watch) ; Eric DAVID (Université Libre de Bruxelles) ; Stefanie BOCK (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) ; Ana PEYRO LLOPIS (Université de Cergy-Pontoise & I.E.P. de Paris) ; Judicaël ETIENNE (Université Catholique de Louvain) ; Cédric POITEVIN (Group for Research and Information on Peace and Security / Groupe de Recherche et d’Information sur la Paix et la Sécurité) ; Francesco BASTAGLI (Former Special Representative of the Secretary General of the United Nations for Western Sahara / Ancien représentant du Secrétaire général des Nations Unies pour le Sahara occidental) et Vincent CHAPAUX (Université Libre de Bruxelles).
Avec l’aide de / With the support of the Faculté de droit de l’Université Libre de Bruxelles. En collaboration avec / In collaboration with Oxfam Solidarité
Vincent CHAPAUX (dir.), Sahara occidental / Western Sahara. Quels recours juridictionnels pour les peuples sous domination étrangère ? / Which legal remedies for peoples under foreign domination ?, Bruxelles, Bruylant, 2010 (138 pages).
MULTIPOL, 21/01/2011
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